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    A chronological framework for the British Quaternary based on Bithynia opercula

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    Authors
    Penkman, KEH
    Preece, RC
    Bridgland, DR
    Keen, DH
    Meijer, T
    Parfitt, SA
    White, TS
    Collins, MJ
    Issue date
    2011-08-25
    Submitted date
    2018-05-10
    Subject Terms
    Quaternary
    Bithynia opercula
    Aminostratigraphy
    
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    Abstract
    Marine and ice-core records show that the Earth has experienced a succession of glacials and interglacials during the Quaternary (last ∼2.6 million years), although it is often difficult to correlate fragmentary terrestrial records with specific cycles. Aminostratigraphy is a method potentially able to link terrestrial sequences to the marine isotope stages (MIS) of the deep-sea record1,2. We have used new methods of extraction and analysis of amino acids, preserved within the calcitic opercula of the freshwater gastropod Bithynia, to provide the most comprehensive data set for the British Pleistocene based on a single dating technique. A total of 470 opercula from 74 sites spanning the entire Quaternary are ranked in order of relative age based on the extent of protein degradation, using aspartic acid/asparagine (Asx), glutamic acid/glutamine (Glx), serine (Ser), alanine (Ala) and valine (Val). This new aminostratigraphy is consistent with the stratigraphical relationships of stratotypes, sites with independent geochronology, biostratigraphy and terrace stratigraphy3,4,5,6. The method corroborates the existence of four interglacial stages between the Anglian (MIS 12) and the Holocene in the terrestrial succession. It establishes human occupation of Britain in most interglacial stages after MIS 15, but supports the notion of human absence during the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e)7. Suspicions that the treeless ‘optimum of the Upton Warren interstadial’ at Isleworth pre-dates MIS 3 are confirmed. This new aminostratigraphy provides a robust framework against which climatic, biostratigraphical and archaeological models can be tested.
    Citation
    Penkman, K., Preece, R., Bridgland, D., Keen, D., Meijer, T., Parfitt, S., White, T., Collins, M., (2011). A chronological framework for the British Quaternary based on Bithynia opercula. Nature 476: 446–449. doi:10.1038/nature10305
    Publisher
    Nature Research
    Journal
    Nature
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10141/622489
    DOI
    10.1038/nature10305
    PubMed ID
    21804567
    PubMed Central ID
    PMC3162487
    Type
    Journal Article
    Item Description
    ©2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. The attached document is the authors’ final accepted version of the journal article. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it.
    ISSN
    0028-0836
    EISSN
    1476-4687
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/nature10305
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Life sciences

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