Hidden Phylogenomic Signal Helps Elucidate Arsenurine Silkmoth Phylogeny and the Evolution of Body Size and Wing Shape Trade-Offs
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Authors
Hamilton, Chris AWiniger, Nathalie
Rubin, Juliette J
Breinholt, Jesse
ROUGERIE, Rodolphe
Kitching, I

Barber, Jesse R
Kawahara, Akito Y
Issue date
2021-11-13Submitted date
2021-10-29Subject Terms
ArsenurinaeAnchored Hybrid Enrichment
geometric morphometrics
Lepidoptera
phylogenomics
Saturniidae
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Show full item recordAbstract
One of the key objectives in biological research is understanding how evolutionary processes have produced Earth’s diversity. A critical step toward revealing these processes is an investigation of evolutionary tradeoffs—that is, the opposing pressures of multiple selective forces. For millennia, nocturnal moths have had to balance successful flight, as they search for mates or host plants, with evading bat predators. However, the potential for evolutionary trade-offs between wing shape and body size are poorly understood. In this study, we used phylogenomics and geometric morphometrics to examine the evolution of wing shape in the wild silkmoth subfamily Arsenurinae (Saturniidae) and evaluate potential evolutionary relationships between body size and wing shape. The phylogeny was inferred based on 782 loci from target capture data of 42 arsenurine species representing all 10 recognized genera. After detecting in our data one of the most vexing problems in phylogenetic inference—a region of a tree that possesses short branches and no “support” for relationships (i.e., a polytomy), we looked for hidden phylogenomic signal (i.e., inspecting differing phylogenetic inferences, alternative support values, quartets, and phylogenetic networks) to better illuminate the most probable generic relationships within the subfamily. We found there are putative evolutionary trade-offs between wing shape, body size, and the interaction of fore- and hindwing (HW) shape. Namely, body size tends to decrease with increasing HW length but increases as forewing (FW) shape becomes more complex. Additionally, the type of HW (i.e., tail or no tail) a lineage possesses has a significant effect on the complexity of FW shape. We outline possible selective forces driving the complex HW shapes that make Arsenurinae, and silkmoths as a whole, so charismatic. [Anchored hybrid enrichment; Arsenurinae; geometric morphometrics; Lepidoptera; phylogenomics; Saturniidae.]Citation
Chris A Hamilton, Nathalie Winiger, Juliette J Rubin, Jesse Breinholt, Rodolphe Rougerie, Ian J Kitching, Jesse R Barber, Akito Y Kawahara, Hidden Phylogenomic Signal Helps Elucidate Arsenurine Silkmoth Phylogeny and the Evolution of Body Size and Wing Shape Trade-Offs, Systematic Biology, 2021;, syab090, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syab090Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)Journal
Systematic BiologyType
Journal ArticleItem Description
Copyright © 2021, The Authors. This document is the author’s final accepted version of the journal article. You are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it.ISSN
1063-5157EISSN
1076-836Xae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1093/sysbio/syab090
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