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    Genome-wide insights into adaptive hybridisation across the Schistosoma haematobium group in West and Central Africa

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    Authors
    Landeryou, Toby
    Rabone, M cc
    Allan, F cc
    Maddren, Rosie
    Rollinson, D cc
    Webster, BL cc
    Tchuem-Tchuenté, Louis-Albert
    Anderson, Roy M
    Emery, AM cc
    Issue date
    2022-01-31
    Submitted date
    2021-07-23
    Subject Terms
    Schistosoma haematobium
    genetic loci
    introgression
    invertebrate genomics
    genetics
    genomics
    Schistosoma
    Cameroon
    
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    Abstract
    Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern across sub-Saharan Africa; current control programmes rely on accurate mapping and high mass drug administration (MDA) coverage to attempt disease elimination. Inter-species hybridisation can occur between certain species, changing epidemiological dynamics within endemic regions, which has the potential to confound control interventions. The impact of hybridisation on disease dynamics is well illustrated in areas of Cameroon where urogenital schistosomiasis, primarily due to Schistosoma haematobium and hybrid infections, now predominate over intestinal schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma guineensis. Genetic markers have shown the ability to identify hybrids, however the underlying genomic architecture of divergence and introgression between these species has yet to be established. In this study, restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) was used on archived adult worms initially identified as; Schistosoma bovis (n = 4), S. haematobium (n = 9), S. guineensis (n = 3) and S. guineensis x S. haematobium hybrids (n = 4) from Mali, Senegal, Niger, São Tomé and Cameroon. Genome-wide evidence supports the existence of S. guineensis and S. haematobium hybrid populations across Cameroon. The hybridisation of S. guineensis x S. haematobium has not been demonstrated on the island of São Tomé, where all samples showed no introgression with S. haematobium. Additionally, all S. haematobium isolates from Nigeria, Mali and Cameroon indicated signatures of genomic introgression from S. bovis. Adaptive loci across the S. haematobium group showed that voltage-gated calcium ion channels (Ca v) could play a key role in the ability to increase the survivability of species, particularly in host systems. Where admixture has occurred between S. guineensis and S. haematobium, the excess introgressive influx of tegumental (outer helminth body) and antigenic genes from S. haematobium has increased the adaptive response in hybrids, leading to increased hybrid population fitness and viability.
    Citation
    Landeryou T, Rabone M, Allan F, Maddren R, Rollinson D, Webster BL, et al. (2022) Genome-wide insights into adaptive hybridisation across the Schistosoma haematobium group in West and Central Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 16(1): e0010088. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pntd.0010088
    Publisher
    Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Journal
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10141/623000
    DOI
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0010088
    Type
    Journal Article
    Item Description
    Copyright: © 2022 Landeryou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The attached file is the published version of the article.
    ISSN
    1935-2727
    EISSN
    1935-2735
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0010088
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Life sciences

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