Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series
Fages, Antoine Hanghøj, Kristian Khan, Naveed Gaunitz, Charleen Seguin-Orlando, Andaine McCrory Constantz, Christian Gamba, Cristina Al-Rasheid, Khaled AS Albizuri, Silvia
Fages, Antoine
Hanghøj, Kristian
Khan, Naveed
Gaunitz, Charleen
Seguin-Orlando, Andaine
McCrory Constantz, Christian
Gamba, Cristina
Al-Rasheid, Khaled AS
Albizuri, Silvia
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2019-05-02
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2018-10-19
Subject Terms
ancient DNA
domestication
animal breeding
horses
mules
extinct lineages
selection
diversity
management
equestrian civilisations
domestication
animal breeding
horses
mules
extinct lineages
selection
diversity
management
equestrian civilisations
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Abstract
Horse domestication revolutionized warfare and accelerated travel, trade, and the geographic expansion of languages. Here, we present the largest DNA time series for a non-human organism to date, including genome-scale data from 149 ancient animals and 129 ancient genomes (≥1-fold coverage), 87 of which are new. This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations. We find that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, one at the far western (Iberia) and the other at the far eastern range (Siberia) of Eurasia. None of these contributed significantly to modern diversity. We show that the influence of Persian-related horse lineages increased following the Islamic conquests in Europe and Asia. Multiple alleles associated with elite-racing, including at the MSTN "speed gene," only rose in popularity within the last millennium. Finally, the development of modern breeding impacted genetic diversity more dramatically than the previous millennia of human management.
Citation
Antoine Fages, Kristian Hanghøj, Naveed Khan, Charleen Gaunitz, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Michela Leonardi, Christian McCrory Constantz, Cristina Gamba, Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid, Silvia Albizuri, Ahmed H. Alfarhan, Morten Allentoft, Saleh Alquraishi, David Anthony, Nurbol Baimukhanov, James H. Barrett, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, Norbert Benecke, Eloísa Bernáldez-Sánchez, Luis Berrocal-Rangel, Fereidoun Biglari, Sanne Boessenkool, Bazartseren Boldgiv, Gottfried Brem, Dorcas Brown, Joachim Burger, Eric Crubézy, Linas Daugnora, Hossein Davoudi, Peter de Barros Damgaard, María de los Ángeles de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos, Sabine Deschler-Erb, Cleia Detry, Nadine Dill, Maria do Mar Oom, Anna Dohr, Sturla Ellingvåg, Diimaajav Erdenebaatar, Homa Fathi, Sabine Felkel, Carlos Fernández-Rodríguez, Esteban García-Viñas, Mietje Germonpré, José D. Granado, Jón H. Hallsson, Helmut Hemmer, Michael Hofreiter, Aleksei Kasparov, Mutalib Khasanov, Roya Khazaeli, Pavel Kosintsev, Kristian Kristiansen, Tabaldiev Kubatbek, Lukas Kuderna, Pavel Kuznetsov, Haeedeh Laleh, Jennifer A. Leonard, Johanna Lhuillier, Corina Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck, Andrey Logvin, Lembi Lõugas, Arne Ludwig, Cristina Luis, Ana Margarida Arruda, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Raquel Matoso Silva, Victor Merz, Enkhbayar Mijiddorj, Bryan K. Miller, Oleg Monchalov, Fatemeh A. Mohaseb, Arturo Morales, Ariadna Nieto-Espinet, Heidi Nistelberger, Vedat Onar, Albína H. Pálsdóttir, Vladimir Pitulko, Konstantin Pitskhelauri, Mélanie Pruvost, Petra Rajic Sikanjic, Anita Rapan Papeša, Natalia Roslyakova, Alireza Sardari, Eberhard Sauer, Renate Schafberg, Amelie Scheu, Jörg Schibler, Angela Schlumbaum, Nathalie Serrand, Aitor Serres-Armero, Beth Shapiro, Shiva Sheikhi Seno, Irina Shevnina, Sonia Shidrang, John Southon, Bastiaan Star, Naomi Sykes, Kamal Taheri, William Taylor, Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen, Tajana Trbojević Vukičević, Simon Trixl, Dashzeveg Tumen, Sainbileg Undrakhbold, Emma Usmanova, Ali Vahdati, Silvia Valenzuela-Lamas, Catarina Viegas, Barbara Wallner, Jaco Weinstock, Victor Zaibert, Benoit Clavel, Sébastien Lepetz, Marjan Mashkour, Agnar Helgason, Kári Stefánsson, Eric Barrey, Eske Willerslev, Alan K. Outram, Pablo Librado, Ludovic Orlando, Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series, Cell, Volume 177, Issue 6, 2019, Pages 1419-1435.e31, ISSN 0092-8674, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.049. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867419303848)
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Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). The linked file is the published version of the article.
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0092-8674
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1097-4172
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openAccess